Improvement in planing-machines



JAMES S. GRAHAM, OFv ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLANING- MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 122,599, dated January 9, 1872.

SPncrFIoATIoN.

I, JAMES S. GRAHAM, of Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain Improvements in Wood- Planing and Matching-Machines, of which the following is a speciication:

My invention relates to that class of planing and matchingmachines in which one matcher-head and the board-guide are adjustable together across the machine; and it consists in a novel construction and manner of adjustment ofthe frame supporting those parts, and also `in amethod of gibbing the matcherhan ger upon the frame of the machine, and in a self-adjustin g step-box adapted to be used upon the lower extremity ofthe matcher-spindles for planingand matching lumber, which adjustment shall be under easy control; and it consists more particularly in providing a single supporting frame for one matcher-head and the board-guide, said frame moving on ways laterally across the machine.

In the drawing, Figure l is a plan view of my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of those parts above the dotted line x in Fig. l. Figs. 3, 4, 5, and 6 are details. Fig. 7 is an elevation ofthe movable matcherhanger. b

A is the main frame of the machine, made in any usual or desired form, to support the working parts, including the bed-plate B, under the usual surfacing-knife, (not shown,) matcherheads G O, feeding-rolls D,and other necessary parts. E is the board-guide, against which the .edge of the board is placed as it is fed through the machine. The guide E, as heretofore used, has been bolted or otherwise rigidly attached to some part ot" the frame A, and, when no provision was made for shifting it to different positions laterally upon the machine in planing narrow stuff, the wear upon the bedi plate B and edge of the surfacing-knife was 4confined to aportion only of these parts, whereceive the extremities of the guide E, as indi cated in Fig. 2, and the matcher-hanger G is also attached to or formed in one piece with said frame. Gibs b, Figs. l and 2, are bolted to the frame Fdown upon the Ways a, and this part of the frame is made of considerable width at the point of support to obtain a iirm bearing upon the ways. A bar, H, is also provided, extending across the main frame A, to support and guide the lower extremities of the matcher-hangers G and G', as is usual in this class of machines. Thus it will be seen that one matcher-head and the whole of the boardguide are supported upon the same frame F,

which is freeto be moved to any point on the bed-plate B and ways a. An operating-screw, d, Fig. 2, or other similar device, is provided, having bearings upon the main frame A, and, passing through a nut upon the fralne F, terminates in a handle or crank, g, Fig. l, convenient to the operator. By this means the guide E and matcher-head may be shifted in a few seconds to the desired point on the machine laterally, for the purpose of distributing the wear over the whole surface of the bed B, and along the edge ofthe surfacing-knives, as before stated. The other matcher-head C is also adjustable across the machine, in the usual manner, upon ways H and c by means of the screw e, Fig. 2, and handle f, Fig. l. These handles j' and g may be located side by side, if desired, so as to be within reach ofthe operatorfrom the same position. The method of gibv` bin g themovable matcher-hanger G is shown in Fig. 7. The hanger is tted up against the square way a of the bedplate B, anda beveled way, c, is providedupon the lower side of the latter, upon which the gib y bears. This gib is secured to the hanger G by a single bolt,e, and a toe, a', upon its lower end catches under a shoulder upon the hanger, as indicated. Thus the adjustment of the gib by means of the bolt c takes place in a direct line, and the gib is thereby prevented from riding up the inclined face of the way c', and bearing against the under surface ofthe bed B. By this plan'of gibbing, also, the chips from the knives cannot lodge upon the ways, as is usually the casein this class of machines, while the hanger may be readily detached, when necessary, by simply removing one bolt, e', and lifting it from the guide-bar H. The matcherspindles I, Figs. 2 and 3, are supported in stepbearings J in which is formed an oil-recess, o, and retained laterally by plain bearings J. A step-block, L, which has a plain upper surface, upon which the end ofthe spindle bears, is provided upon its lower side with a hemispherical concavity ttin g over the convex extremity of the setscrew m tapped into the lower part of the box J. The step lis somewhat smaller in diameter than the recess 0, and is prevented from revolving by apin, p, Fig. 6, secured diainetrically across the former, and entering a slot or groove in the extremity of the screw. An opening, z, Fig. 3, is made through this step to admit oil to the bottom of the spindles I, and the slot in the end of the screw is deep enough to allow such passage of oil upward to the step. By this construction of the parts the step-block accommodates itself to any inclination ofthe spindle occasion ed by uneven wear or otherwise, while it is itself prevented from revolving. The surface of the step maybe sufficient to allow for a considerable difference in the lateral position of the spindle. TheA recess o being kept full of oil,

the centrifugal action ofthe spindle in revolving drives the oil outward, inducing a current upward through the passage z, thus tending to create a constant circulation over the bearing surface. By this latter device I obviate a difficulty generally experienced in the use of step-boxes-that of the centrifugal action forcing the oil to the periphery ofthe spindle, lpaving the center dry. For the purpose of olling the other bearings L of the inatcherspindles a cup, a, Fig. 4, is formed upon the boxes, from which a passage, i, is provided to the bearing very near the upper part of the latter. A pin, s, passes across the opening r, around which a wiclr is doubled and its extremities dropped into the cup a. Oil is thus slowly drawn up by the wick and conveyed to the upper part of the journal, while the wick can never become displaced. The cover t to this oil-cup is pivoted at one corner so as to swing laterally away from the cup, as indicated in Fig. 5. Vhen in its place it is retained by the pin u, over which it is lifted in closing the cup. By this arrangement I avoid the use ot' a vertically-swinging cover, which cannot be opened when the matcher-heads are at their lower adjustment.

I do not claim any device shown or described in the patent No. 86,460, dated February 2, 1869, or other patent heretofore granted; but

lVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The matcher-hanger G, supported and guided on the bed B, and provided with extensions F, formed in one piecetherewith, for the attachment of the board-guides E, when said hanger is arranged to be adjusted across the machine by a single screw, d, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In combination with the matcher-hanger G', the clamping-gib y, constructed to be adjusted in a direct line by means of the toe a', substantially in the manner set forth.

3. The step l, provided with a hemispherical concavity resting upon the similarly-shaped extremity of the adjusting-screw m, and prevented from revolving thereon, in combination with the spindle I and lateral bearing J, arranged to operate substantially as described.

Witnesses: JAMES S. GRAHAM.

F. H. CLEMENT, A. H. SARGENT. (173) 

